The capacity to identify, comprehend, and regulate your own emotions as well as those of others is known as emotional intelligence (EI), often known as emotional quotient (EQ). It involves a set of abilities that help you negotiate social situations, develop empathy for other people, speak clearly, and resolve disagreements in a positive way.

THEORY

In 1995, Goleman published his theory of emotional intelligence in his book ‘Emotional Intelligence: Why It Matters More than IQ’. He mentions five components of emotional intelligence in his theory, which are discussed below.

  1. SELF AWARENESS
  2. SELF REGULATION
  3. SELF MOTIVATION
  4. EMPATHY
  5. SOCIAL SKILL
SELF AWARENESSIdentifying and comprehending your own feelings.
SELF REGULATIONEmotional regulation and control done right.
SELF MOTIVATIONUsing emotions to drive one’s actions and stay the course when faced with difficulties.
EMPATHYRecognizing and comprehending other people’s feelings.
SOCIAL SKILLEstablishing and preserving connections, having efficient communication, and performing well in groups.

1. SELF AWARENESS

Self-awareness is the ability to know one’s own needs, emotions, moods and how they affect other people. Through this, a person can be aware of his weaknesses. It includes self-confidence, self-analysis, self-evaluation, etc.

2. SELF REGULATION

In this case, self-regulation is the combination of the ability to control oneself, judge, and make the right judgment before performing an action. Through this, the individual can control himself in different areas of the environment.

3. SELF MOTIVATION

A person’s internal motivation is awakened from the heart of a person. Such motivation is not affected by age, fame, money, etc. Self-motivation is the ability to direct one’s inner energy towards a specific goal. A person’s creativity and his present creations lead in that direction.

4. EMPATHY

Empathy refers to the ability to understand the emotions of others and show them appropriate respect. Through this a person observes the actions of another person and tries to understand his thoughts and sets his duty accordingly. Without such capacity in the individual, adaptation to society becomes impossible.

5. SOCIAL SKILL

Social skills are the ability to establish relationships with other people, to influence other people, to expand the network of relationships through establishing friendships. Goleman gave special importance to that element in his theory of emotional intelligence. Social skills include cooperation, compliance skills, discipline, etc.

Goleman’s research has had a significant influence on a number of disciplines, including organizational psychology, education, and leadership development. It has also brought attention to the role that emotional intelligence plays in promoting happiness and success in a variety of spheres of life. In the twenty-first century, his idea still has an impact on how people and companies view interpersonal relationships and personal growth.

In 2002, Goleman explained emotional intelligence differently. He considered emotional intelligence from four perspectives. They are as follows: personal aspect, social aspect, awareness aspect, management aspect.

Signs of people with high EQ

Below is a brief discussion of what we would call a person with high emotional intelligence and the symptoms of those individuals.

  1. People who are motivated by internal motivation.
  2. People who are self-reliant and have confidence in themselves.
  3. People who are optimistic.
  4. People who can listen patiently to another person’s speech.
  5. All individuals can express their grievances clearly and are not afraid to express grievances.
  6. Individuals in whom exposure to positive emotions are greater than negative emotions
  7. People who have high social skills i.e. who can easily socialize with others and establish friendships.

Signs of a person with low EQ

Considering some of the signs we can tell that a person has low emotional intelligence, these are discussed below and the symptoms of each person are briefly mentioned.

  1. People who blame others without reason.
  2. Individuals who have a higher rate of negative exposure than positive exposure.
  3. People who love to be messy and cannot present themselves properly.
  4. Those who are not interested in listening to others i.e. do not like to give the other person the opportunity to speak on any matter.
  5. People who cannot be satisfied with anything are not empathetic.

MEASUREMENT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENT

There are different types of intelligence tests to measure a person’s intelligence, which are linguistic or non-linguistic and individual or group, just as there are different measures or scales of emotional intelligence.
As many scales have been invented to measure intelligence, there have not been as many measures of emotional intelligence. A few measurements are mentioned here.

  1. Mayer Emotional Intelligence Scale (MEIS) CONSTRUCTED AND STANDARDIZED BY Dr. John Mayer

2. Mayer, Salovey and Caruso emotional intelligence test ( MSCEIT)

3. BAR-ON EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT INVENTOR (EQ-i) constructed and standardized by Dr.Reuven Bar-on. This test covers five areas: intrapersonal, interpersonal, adaptability, stress management, and general mood.

4. Mangal emotional intelligence inventory (MEII). Mangal measures four types of abilities in his quest: intrapersonal awareness, interpersonal awareness, Intrapersonal management and interpersonal management.
There are 25 statements on each side of the scale and a total of 100 terms are measured. It is pertinent to note that Mangal’s emotional Intelligence Test has been invented in Bengali medium to measure emotional intelligence.